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WH 102: Modern World Civilization

Handout Eleven

Topic: The Fourth Horseman: Magic Bullets and the Super Organism

 OUTLINE:

 XI. The Fourth Horseman: Magic Bullets and the Super Organism.

A. Introduction.

B. Smallpox: Plagues Replacement.

C. The Microbe Hunters in the Nineteenth Century.

D. Tuberculosis and the Search for Magic Bullets.

E. Polio and the Fear of Infantile Paralysis.

F. The Coming Plague and Emerging Viruses: Ebola, Marburg, and AIDS.

G. The Return of the White Plague: Battles Won and Lost.

H. Bioengineering and the Doomsday Weapon: Bioweapons.

QUESTIONS:

1. What explains the rise of disease in the world today? How did this occur?

2. Where did smallpox come from and how were the first victims treated? How was this pestilence defeated? Explain.

3. Who was Louis Pasteur and what contribution did he make in understanding disease?

4. Tuberculosis has been called the White Plague. How is tuberculosis spread and why was it so difficult to defeat? What were the first treatments like? When did the world get a handle on the illness? Why was the battle against TB lost?

5.  What is infantile paralysis? When did it become a problem? Why was the disease feared?  Explain.

6. What is AIDS? How did AIDS arrive in the West? How dangerous is the illness? Explain.

7. Bioweapons are called the poor man’s atomic bomb. What makes those weapons so appealing? Why are they so dangerous? Explain.

 TERMS:

 

Magic Bullets       Leeuwenhoek    RNA/DNA                  Photosynthesis

Rhinoviruses        Viruses             Robert Sutton             Edward Jenner

Inoculation           Vaccination      Louis Pasteur              Joseph Lister

Attenuation          Leprosy           Minimal Lethal Dose   Shauwdinn

Paul Ehrlich         Salvarsan         Scrofula                       King’s Touch

Microbacterium   Tuberculosis     Neosalvarsan               Jonas Salk  

Alexander Fleming                       Lupus Vulgaris          

Consumption                               Albert Sabin                 Typhus 

George Boddington                      Selman Waksman                              

George Domagk                          Protosil

Basil O’Connor                            Polio                             

March of Dimes                           Warm Springs

PAS                                            Thiosemicarbonzones